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- Course
Sustainable and resilient cities require integrated networks of transportation, water, waste, stormwater, energy,
parks, housing, and communication infrastructure to support low-carbon lifestyles. This course, led by two
experienced practitioners and civic leaders, examines climate solutions at the city level through the lens of capital
programs and policies, including responses to Hurricane-related challenges in New York City. Class modules cover
key topics such as program development, stakeholder engagement, public support, project finance, contracting, and
public-private partnerships, alongside sector-specific challenges, technologies, and initiatives. Grounded in
real-world case studies, the course features guest lectures from city agencies and private-sector experts, as well as a
field trip offering a behind-the-scenes look at an infrastructure facility. Designed for future sustainability leaders,
this course equips students with the knowledge and skills to shape the cities of tomorrow.
Through case studies, field trips, guest lectures, discussions of real-world developments, and readings, students will
develop an understanding of the role of infrastructure and different approaches on catalyzing public and political
support for system-level policies and funding, cost benefit analysis and prioritization for program-level planning and
for alternative delivery and private-public partnerships project-level implementation. Students will apply these
lessons to current infrastructure issues in both team and individual formats that track the professional settings they
will face after graduation and will receive constructive feedback from their peers.
This elective course is approved for the M.S. in Sustainability Management curriculum area
requirements Area 1 (Integrated sustainability management) and Area 4 (public policy and legal). It is a full
semester course that is open to cross-registration from other Columbia University programs, space permitting.
There are no pre-requisites.
- Topics on: Infrastructure, Resilence
- Course
In our current global political economic context, extractive resource consumption 1) drives environmental
degradation and climate change and 2) shapes our livelihoods, well-being, daily comforts, and cultural practices. In
the face of this seeming incompatibility, many call for the need for transformative changes across economies,
institutions, and cultures. This course aims to provide a broad overview of the many ways through which scholars
theorize consumerism and sustainability professionals, companies, and practitioners work toward change on the
ground. Together we will review popular models of consumer behavior, explore the links between individual
behavior and collective action, and examine how professionals across a diverse sample of sectors and industries
integrate sustainability and sustainable consumption into their work.
This course will also encourage students to think critically about consumerism and sustainability in the context of
their own fields and interests. In-class lectures, discussions, and activities will provide a high-level overview of
many complex and challenging issues, and students will individually delve deeper into material that they find
intellectually stimulating. We will unpack challenges along the way in a supportive environment, brainstorming
creative solutions and learning from each other.
- Topics on: Business, Economics
- Course
The class is designed to give students exercises and guided experiences in producing and marketing publishable
opinion essays. That’s the bottom line.
In the last two decades, newspapers, magazines and websites have opened up their pages to reader contributions.
The New York Times, the Washington Post, Scientific American, USA Today, the Wall Street Journal, Bloomberg
News and the websites of NBC News and CNN, all have extensive op-ed sections where readers are invited to
become guest columnists.
This development provides an unprecedented opportunity for sustainability and science students and faculty to
connect with the general public about policy issues—and also to their personal passions. Op-eds provide a relatively
new pathway for communication and advocacy.
With students with specific interests in climate change, sustainability, medical practice and public health policies,
this course is meant to facilitate their ability to move their concerns beyond the university and into the public square.
The language of both the business world and the academy is often different from that of the mass media. Even the
basic forms are different. Moreover, in fields like sustainability and climate change, the issues are frequently
difficult to effectively illustrate in a way that the general public can easily connect with. This frank reality limits the
effectiveness of sustainability professionals and scientists to win public support for critical initiatives.
This professor, with a lifetime of experience in the mass media, is convinced that academically trained
professionals’ benefit from learning how to write in a different language from that they are accustomed to.
Journalistic writing is very different from academic writing; it has its own conventions and protocols. This course
aims to teach this specialized language so that our students can gain a larger forum on matters like climate
mitigation, conservation biology, green roofs, urban farming, ecologic waste disposal, environmental justice, and
pandemic prevention.
Currently, there are few comparable courses offered either at Columbia or at any university in New York.
Traditional journalism classes have been mostly pegged to future journalists. We hope to turn non-journalists into
published writers and by focusing on this one journalistic form. By guiding class members through different types
of opinion essays, we’ll give them the means to produce the op-eds that editors seek.
Moreover, we’ll teach the students how to successfully place their essays with editors.
Our target markets are mainstream media, Internet journals and community publications.
This is a workshop for Columbia-based scientists, social scientists, sustainability managers, conservation biologists,
future NGO workers, and medical professionals seeking to produce opinion pieces and personal essays about their
work.
In short, this is a journalism course for non-journalists, with an emphasis on how to do opinion-based features.
The main prerequisite is a willingness to experiment with popular forms and a desire to reach new readers.
- Topics on: Journalism
- Course
In April 2022, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) reported that global efforts are unlikely to
reduce carbon emissions in line with COP21 targets of 1.5 degrees C above pre-industrial levels. This finding underscores
the urgency around decarbonizing the economy and sustainably managing natural resources. A so-called “big, hairy,
audacious goal,” it requires that similarly ambitious solutions be implemented across countries and industries.
It is only by measuring resources that stakeholders can manage them and ensure that they are available in sufficient
quantities for future generations. Web tools provide up-to-date analyses of aggregated data; distill complex issues
into accessible visualizations; enable users to drill down to answer questions; offer insights into complicated and
interdependent issues; and display changes in performance over time. For example, Sustainable 1/S&P Global’s
ESG Scores are valuable because they expose patterns in data related to environmental, social and governance risks
and opportunities:
- Topics on: Business, Technology
- Course
Once known as the arsenal of Democracy, the birthplace of the automobile assembly line, and the model city of
America, Detroit is now emblematic of deindustrialization, decay, and insolvency. Following the largest municipal
bankruptcy in US history, Detroit is now being reframed in both local and national media as a comeback city with
opportunity and possibility for all – urban pioneers, global investors, a creative class of new professionals, and
suburbanites seeking a return to urban grit.
Despite these narratives, Detroit remains highly segregated – racially, geographically, economically, and socially.
While downtown is prospering, neighborhoods are still largely blighted and contaminated with legacy uses that
remain unremediated. Over 30,000 houses and other structures have been demolished in the past 8 years, a process
that is under-regulated and contributes to both environmental and infrastructure harm. To the extent new
investments are improving the condition of housing and infrastructure in some strategic areas, those investments are
displacing long term residents who remain at risk of eviction or foreclosure from their homes. Detroit remains one of
the poorest big city in America and the poverty that remains is seemingly intractable. At present, only 36% of
residents earn a living wage.
Detroit’s present condition is rooted in a protracted and uninterrupted history of racist laws, policies, and practices that deny full
citizenship to Black Detroiters, undermine Democracy, and position the city as a poor colony within a thriving metropolis.
Racism has disfigured the social, physical and economic landscape of Detroit to produce profound levels of neglect, abuse, and
exploitation of its residents, resulting in wealth extraction, housing insecurity, healthy food and water scarcity, educational
malpractice, and environmental destruction, all within the framework of wealth attraction, tax incentives, subsidized growth and
capital accumulation in the greater downtown.
Through this course, we will examine the thesis that sustainability and racism cannot co-exist; that sustainability is rooted in
inclusive social wellbeing now and in future generations, whereas racism is rooted in hoarding of power and resources for one
dominant group. This hoarding of resources for a favored population impairs preservation for future generations. Furthermore,
environmental racism disconnects the consequences of environmental destruction from its beneficiaries and therefore interferes
with feedback loops that are needed for course correction.
Detroit serves as an American example of long standing racist public policy, resulting in massive depopulation, blight,
abandonment, and concentration of risks that cannot and will not be fixed through neo-liberal redevelopment strategies that
ignore its racist past and the racist underpinnings of public policy. We will explore grass-roots efforts to address root causes,
community development efforts to build sustainable communities, and alternative approaches to restructuring local economies.
- Topics on: Infrastructure, Resilence
- Course
This course is an introduction to how Global Agriculture and Sustainability issues are at the intersection of natural
resource management and business. The course will devote a significant of time covering the fundamental
principles of agribusiness and how sustainability issues are key factors in business decision making today and in the
future.
The course will consider that agricultural production will need to double over the next three decades in order to meet
growing demand. Demand for increased food, feed, fuel, and fiber is driven by increased population and an increase
in the middle class in emerging economies. Coupled with a shift in dietary preferences from grains and staple
carbohydrates to more protein-based diets including pork and beef (and perhaps fish), and biofuel production, more
grains will be used to feed animals and fuel our automobiles. As an energy intensive sector, agriculture is closely
linked to energy markets, with crop production and demand potentially adversely affected by higher oil prices, while
crop inputs (such as fertilizer) may benefit from lower natural gas prices. These shifting dynamics will affect profit
margins in different segments of the agricultural supply chain. In addition to energy prices, likely constraints to the
productivity growth of agriculture include climate change, water resources, infrastructure, education and training of
producers, and social / governmental policy that distort agricultural markets. New technologies, product platforms
and innovative business models in agriculture technology and food systems will dominate the shift from industrial
agriculture to a more socially just and environmentally sustainable food production and distribution system. The
agricultural technology sector is large, comprising over 8,500 companies generating over $1.3 trillion of revenue per
year, in the US alone. Moreover, the volume of transactions in the agricultural sector is greater than $15 billion per
year with an estimated peak of over $70 billion in 2007.
- Topics on: Food, Technology
- Course
The global sports industry is substantial, encompassing various aspects such as sporting events, merchandise,
broadcasting, and more. In 2022, the industry’s revenue amounted to nearly $487 billion. By 2027, the global sports
market is expected to surpass $623 billion.
1 However, the influence of sports extends far beyond the field. Fans are
both dedicated and passionate supporters who contribute to the industry’s success and have a massive following
across continents. From local matches to international tournaments, fans engage through attendance, viewership,
merchandise purchases, social media interactions, and so much more.
As the market continues to grow, the sports industry has made significant progress toward embracing sustainability
practices. Brands are increasingly transparent about their sustainability efforts, businesses are looking to partner with
sustainability-focused organizations that have reputable certifications and initiatives, real estate developers and
investors are designing environmentally friendly facilities, and athletes and their fan bases are demanding climate
action, just to name a few. Despite some progress, there’s ample room for growth within emerging sustainability
practices in sports. Continued innovation can lead to eco-friendly materials, sustainable event management, ensuring
sustainability across supply chains, and greening stadiums, venues, and event infrastructure, which can further
minimize resource consumption and pollution and contribute to a healthier planet.
This course introduces the concept of sustainability and its relevance to the sports industry. It examines the
environmental, social, and economic impacts of sports activities, events, and organizations and explores the
strategies and practices that can enhance the sustainability performance of the sports sector. The course covers topics
such as the definitions and dimensions of sustainability and how they relate to sports; the drivers and challenges of sustainability in sports (climate change, stakeholder expectations, governance, and innovation); frameworks and
tools for assessing and reporting on sustainability in sports; best practices and case studies of sustainability in sports;
and opportunities and benefits of sustainability in sports (fan engagement, athlete activism, business development,
and social impact).
This course will be structured in the following main sections: Direct Impact & Current Activities, Evaluating
Opportunities for Growth, and Expanding Reach Beyond Sports Venues. The course combines theoretical and
practical learning with lectures, readings, discussions, assignments, site visit(s), and guest speakers. The course also
includes group projects, where students will design and present a sustainability plan for a sports organization of their
choice. The goals of the course are to equip students with the knowledge and skills to analyze and evaluate the
sustainability performance of sports venues, activities, events, and mega sporting events (Olympics, FIFA World
Cup, etc.), and organizations; inspire students to develop and implement sustainability strategies and practices that
can improve the sustainability performance of the sports industry and create positive change in society; and foster
students’ interest in a career as leaders and advocates of sustainability in the sports industry.
This course is an elective and will be open, space permitting, to Sports Management, Sustainability Management,
and Climate School students. The course will be offered in person, and we will meet once a week for one entire
semester. There are no prerequisites to take this course.
- Topics on: Sports
- Course
This is an interdisciplinary workshop for scientists, sustainability professionals, conservation biologists, future NGO
workers, and journalists seeking skills in communicating 21st century global science to the public.
Scientists will be given journalism skills; journalists will learn how to use science as the basis of their storytelling.
Students currently working in the business world or the public sector will, by doing actual journalism, see what the
news looks like from the other side of the desk.
Our standards and methods will, at all times, be those of mainstream journalism. We seek to encourage students to
publish their classwork.
During the Fall 2022 course that Professor Dreifus taught on opinion writing, more than 18 class-produced pieces
were published. Last semester, students published their work in State of the Planet and the Huffington Post. One
student had a Letter to the Editor printed in the Washington Post.
- Topics on: Journalism
- Course
In an era of growing environmental and social awareness, supply chains have emerged as a powerful lever for
driving sustainability in operations. Supply chain emissions are, on average, 11.4 times higher than operational
emissions, making them a critical focal point for impactful change in operations. This course explores the
essential role of supply chains in achieving sustainable outcomes and equips students with the tools and insights
needed to transform conventional practices into innovative, responsible, and efficient systems. This course is part of
a broader curriculum aimed at cultivating leaders who can integrate sustainability into the heart of business strategy.
It is designed for students from diverse professional and academic backgrounds, no prior experience in operations or
supply chain management is required to excel in this course.
Through this interdisciplinary journey, students will gain a robust foundation in supply chain management, learning
to integrate sustainability principles across operations. The course balances analytical skills with creative
problem-solving, preparing students to address real-world challenges. Upon completing this course, students will
gain a comprehensive skill set to analyze, design, and implement sustainable operations solutions in their future
careers. Students will gain a comprehensive understanding of the strategic role of supply chains in modern
economies, including their critical impact in decarbonization efforts. Students will also learn to apply key analytical
tools such as demand forecasting and risk assessment, while mastering strategies for sourcing, supplier management,
and logistics optimization.
- Topics on: Business, Operations, Supply Chain
- Course
This course addresses the relationship of energy production and use to human development, nature and sustainability. It explores “sustainable development” as both an ideal and practical challenge, a global concern but a specific local consideration in energy production and use.
- Topics on: Business, Energy
- Course
Research is the foundation of knowledge. The Practicum on Practical Applications of Environmental Research is a
broad survey of the applications of academic, public and private research on the practice of sustainability
management, sustainable development, and environmental policy. We’ll explore how research is done in different
settings, and how different practitioners approach environmental research to create real-world impact. The course
will explore the full process of research – from grantmaking and project conceptualization to execution and
implementation in organizational, national and international policy.
The Practicum on Environmental Research is a dynamic forum featuring a series of lectures and discussions by
faculty, scientists, researchers and other sustainability practitioners both within Columbia University and from other
institutions. These lectures emphasize key concepts in earth and environmental sciences and the social sciences
relevant to sustainability practice, including introduction to grant writing, introductions to data sources, analytical
methods, and decision tools. We will also discuss an emerging approach, co-production of knowledge, and
international research cooperation.
Most class sessions will comprise a guest lecture followed by class discussion. Students will be expected
to complete assigned readings and materials in advance and engage in class discussion. This course seeks to give
students hands-on experience on conducting research and designing grant proposals. In their final deliverables,
students will be asked to produce original research in groups, and the best papers will get the opportunity to be published in a Columbia-sponsored academic website. Furthermore, the students will be introduced to grantmaking,
will learn best practices and will be writing a grant proposal.
- Topics on: Policy, Research
- Course
“Innovation is the key to addressing the climate crisis” declares Christiana Figueres, former Executive Secretary of the U.N. Framework Convention on Climate Change. The task of unleashing innovative solutions within the high-risk environment of a rapidly warming planet is left to courageous and creative sustainability leaders – individuals working across all sectors who are prepared to forge bold and novel pathways for their organizations and for society at large. Who are these individuals and what attributes distinguish them as change agents? Can these qualities be learned and serve as a blueprint for others to adopt? This course will prepare students to be leaders in developing innovative sustainable frameworks and solutions. We will analyze the characteristics of innovative sustainability leaders, including common themes (if any), how they have grappled with success and failure, and how these individuals become effective leaders who inspire their teams and organizations to act as catalysts for change. Through guest speakers, in-depth discussion, and by using a variety of examples and case studies from the non-profit, profit, and public sectors, we will examine the impacts that
innovative sustainability leaders have on organizational success and failure.
Against the backdrop of a world transformed by climate change, we will then expand our view to assess thesignificance of collaboration both within and beyond the conceptual boundaries of organizations, considering the pivotal roles that diverse stakeholders play in driving advancements in sustainable innovations. Ultimately, we will evaluate the role and responsibility of innovative sustainability leaders to effect transformational change on a societal level. By the end of the course, students will have developed actionable tools, strategies, and critical thinking skills for leading transformational change in their organizations and beyond.
- Topics on: Business, Impact, Innovation
- Course
The Internship in Industry course is an elective course taken by students in the M.S. in Applied Analytics,
Construction Administration, Enterprise Risk Management, Human Capital Management, Sustainability Science, Sustainability Management, Technology Management, and/or Nonprofit Management.
Most people are passionate about many different things, and the SPS Career Design Lab believes the only way to know what you really want to do is to prototype some potential lives, try them out, and see what you really like. This course uses reflection and targeted readings plus career and life design principles to help you complete a successful internship. The ideal internship will provide you an opportunity to gain tangible and practical knowledge in your chosen field by taking on a position in a real working environment that is closely aligned with your coursework and professional interests. The course readings, individual and peer-to-peer assignments, online discussions, and reflective exercises are designed to augment and optimize your internship experience. You will gain exposure to a range of professional practices and roles through discussion of work-related experiences with your peers and instructor.
- Topics on: Analytics, Business, Energy, Engineering, Science, Technology
- Course
Most recently taught Spring 2026
The global energy industry is comprised of the largest and most interrelated set of businesses in the world. From its inception, the industry has grown dramatically to provide ever increasing amounts of energy and electricity to wholesale and retail consumers around the world. Given its unique industry structure, specialized financing techniques have been developed to expand and/or complement conventional public and private financing alternatives. These specialized financing approaches have, in turn, allowed the energy industry to access an unprecedented range of capital sources to fund its increasingly complex operational and financial needs.
This course is designed to familiarize students with the terms and applications of various financing structures developed for the global energy industry in response to ever evolving industry, regulatory and market conditions. While the energy business is quintessentially global in nature, the course will focus largely on public and private financings within domestic (U.S.) markets given their greater maturation. Over the course of the semester, the class will move through a series of modules covering conventional and clean energy markets and their related asset-based, project, and tax-driven financing alternatives. Specific attention will be given to identifying and dimensioning the various risks contained in each of these markets and the relevant physical, contractual, and financial mechanisms which have been designed to allocate such risks among relevant parties.
We will also discuss the inter-related requirements necessary to successfully advance the quest for sustainable development as the foundation for the transition to a low-carbon economy. Emphasis will be placed on understanding the complexities of reducing greenhouse gas emissions while at the same time improving access to reasonably priced energy to spur economic development and enhance global standards of living. Throughout this review particular emphasis will be placed on reconciling the physical and financial requirements of various aspects of the global energy sector to identify and support solutions that will reduce greenhouse gas emissions without sacrificing economic and humanitarian imperatives. Specifically, we will discuss how any energy and power market activity can be sustainable if it is not physically possible, supported by appropriate policy and commercially reasonable at some level.
- Topics on: Business, Economics, Energy, Finance
- Course
Most recently taught Fall 2025
Dynamics of Climate Variability & Climate Change is a CORE course for all Climate School Master’s students. It provides the primary opportunity for students to gain a scientific understanding of the climate system – knowledge that underpins the rest of the program’s goals.
To effectively link Climate to Society, an understanding of the physical workings of the climate system is critical, but not sufficient. One must also be able to interpret climate information like forecasts and observational maps. One must be able to determine the basis of forecasts as well as their uncertainties, and to judge critically the suitability of different types of climate information to answer questions of societal interest. Much of the ability to interpret climate information rests on understanding the physical workings of the climate system. Furthermore, it is important to realize that climate variability acts on a number of time and space scales, which may be further influenced by man-made climate change. How are these various aspects of the climate realized, forecast, interpreted? These are the sorts of issues that we address throughout the semester.
Eventually, one will need to communicate with the public, a boss or co-worker, or even friends and family, in pursuit of linking climate and society. Therefore, one must be fluent in the language appropriate to discuss climate, its variability and its change. Solid understanding and appropriate usage of terminology will be emphasized throughout the course. There will also be a communication project, where students team up in small groups [3-5 people], select a climate science topic from a list provided by the instructors, distill and synthesize the physical understanding, debate/arguments, and societal relevance of this topic. The group will create a short movie suitable for a general audience that will communicate the knowledge and skills developed in the class.
- Topics on: Science
- Course
Most recently taught Spring 2026
The course will focus on the knowledge and skills required to research, ideate, thoughtfully plan, and pitch a new business aimed at mitigating climate-related challenges. The course will serve as a laboratory for students to sharpen their entrepreneurial skills and deepen their understanding of climate change and related challenges, and how to meaningfully address them. Students will work on projects in teams to: 1) identify and define a climate challenge they want to mitigate; 2) engage in research, need finding, customer discovery and development; 3) brainstorm, ideate and generate ideas to mitigate the challenge; 4) create prototypes to get customer/expert feedback; 5) create viable implementation plans & budgets; and 6) practice pitching their initial idea to potential partners and investors.
- Topics on: Business, Technology
- Course
Most recently taught Spring 2026
What is the ultimate responsibility of companies? Fifty years ago, the consensus was that the answer to this question should be maximizing profit and shareholders’ value. Today, however, the answer is more complex. Companies are increasingly being held accountable for environmental and social responsibilities, in addition to their economic performance. As a result, the traditional principles that shaped corporate practices in the 20th century are now being challenged and revised to embrace sustainability as a core component of business.
The Business of Sustainability explores how companies can create long-term value by integrating environmental and social considerations into their core strategies and operations. Through lectures, case studies, interactive discussions, and guest speakers, students will examine how sustainability is reshaping industries such as apparel, food, automotive, and technology. By the end of the course, students will be equipped with the knowledge and skills necessary to develop effective sustainable business plans that can drive positive change across industries and societies. In line with these learning objectives, the course is organized into three main modules: (1) Sustainability at the corporate level, (2) The psychology of sustainability, and (3) Developing a sustainable business plan.
- Topics on: Business
- Course
Most recently taught Spring 2026
In lieu of the failure of legislatures to pass comprehensive carbon taxes, there is growing pressure on the financial system to address the risks of global warming. One set of pressures is to account for the heightened physical risks due to extreme weather events and potential climate tipping points. Another set of pressures are to find approaches to incentivize corporations to meet the goals set out in the Paris Treaty of 2015. These approaches include (1) mandates or restrictions to only hold companies with decarbonization plans, (2) development of negative emissions technologies such as direct-air capture and (3) promotion of natural capital markets that can be used to offset carbon emissions. Moreover, financial markets also provide crucial information on expectations and plans of economic agents regarding climate change. This course will cover both models and empirical methodologies that are necessary to assess the role of the financial system in addressing global warming.
After this course, students should be proficient in the following: (1) be able to quantitatively evaluate the various risks of global warming to financial markets; (2) evaluate the costs and benefits of various approaches to incentivize corporate reform; and (3) understand the consequences of the transition to a net-zero economy for aggregate risks and growth.
- Topics on: Economics, Finance
- Course
Most recently taught Fall 2025
Impacts from climate change, including rising temperatures, shifting precipitation patterns, and more frequent natural disasters are evident across much of the world. This course will offer a focused study of climate change adaptation policy, exploring dimensions of adaptation across sectors and scales. With a thematic interest in pervasive global inequities, the course considers how international development and disaster risk management efforts align with building resilience to risks from a changing climate. An inter-disciplinary framework includes perspectives from the natural sciences, law, architecture, economics, anthropology, humanitarian affairs, and public policy. Case study pedagogy will amplify some of the trade-offs in play for effective adaptation policy.
- Topics on: Adaptation
- Course
Most recently taught Spring 2026
This course examines how climate change is reshaping agricultural systems and explores Climate-Smart Agriculture (CSA) as a framework for addressing food security, climate resilience, and environmental sustainability. Core topics include climate risk in agriculture, adaptation and mitigation strategies, regenerative and precision agriculture, policy and finance mechanisms, regional case studies, and emerging technologies shaping food systems. Emphasis is placed on understanding trade-offs, implementation challenges, and real-world decision making across diverse agricultural contexts. The course is designed for graduate students in the
Sustainability Management program and is relevant to those pursuing careers in sustainability consulting, policy, finance, food systems planning, and climate adaptation, as well as students seeking a systems-level understanding of agriculture’s role in the climate transition. The course supports the broader programmatic goals of the Sustainability Management curriculum by integrating environmental, economic, and social dimensions of sustainability within a sector that is both climate-vulnerable and emissions-intensive. It builds directly on core sustainability concepts such as systems thinking, risk assessment, stakeholder analysis, and evidence-based decision making, applying them to agricultural and food systems. The course complements other program offerings focused on climate policy, sustainable investment, and resource management by providing sector-specific depth and applied analytical frameworks. Through case studies, comparative regional analysis, and consulting-style assignments, students develop the ability to translate theory into practical strategies aligned with professional sustainability practice.
- Topics on: Food, Resilence